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Software @ Fugro Instruments

EM VISION: Comprehensive TEM interpretation & Display

 


Summary

 

EM Vision is an interactive software product for the earth sciences. Some applications include mineral exploration, engineering geophysics, groundwater studies, salinity investigations and pollution monitoring. The program can display, analyze and model the responses from time domain electromagnetic (TDEM) surveys

Data can be read and processed from most commercially available TDEM field instruments prior to display and analysis. Presentation can be in the form of profiles, cross-sections, transient decay curves, images and contours.

EM Vision also acts as an interface to a powerful suite of forward and inversion modelling algorithms. Simple geometric bodies can be integrated with complex layered earth models and their responses can be computed either for theoretical analysis or for comparison with observed data. Real time graphics are presented where appropriate to assist the interpreter.

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Overview

 

EM Vision has two main functions:

  • Display, analyze and manipulate TDEM data in a variety of ways
  • Act as an interface and control forward and inverse modelling.

Key elements in the design of EM Vision are its speed and ease of use. Fast computation and the ability to access large amounts of memory enables EM Vision to read, manipulate and simulate large datasets rapidly (including airborne data). Data display and analysis can involve simple presentations or complex variations of display types. Filtering of data, mathematical operations, resistivity and conductivity conversions plus decay analysis are some of the basic functions available.

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Software Specifications

 

EM Vision uses data which can be read from a number of EM sources. Data acquired from field surveys using the following time domain instruments can be used:

  • Geonics EM 37
  • Geonics Protem 47, 57 and Protem D
  • Sirotem Mk 2 and Mk 3 (surface and 3 component VECTEM downhole)
  • Zonge Engineering GDP 12, 16 and 32
  • Crone Pulse EM (Surface and 3 component downhole)
  • Airborne GEOTEM data
  • Airborne QUESTEM data
  • Bison TDEM 2000
  • Phoenix Geophysics V-5 Time Domain System
  • User definable TDEM instrumentation

User selectable multi-channel information can be defined for import and only the desired lines and channels from the input data sources are used by EM Vision. Access to grids and images created by other software systems (e.g. Geosoft, Geopak, ER Mapper, USGS and Intrepid) are all accessible by EM Vision. Single or multi-channel gridding of EM multi-line data is available within the software.

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Displays Available

 

Importing data, preprocessing, display, analysis and manipulation are the main features of the EM Vision display software. Basic data display options are provided by menu options as below:

Time domain EM data can be displayed as:

Batched profiling enables large surveys to be printed with titling and definable annotation. Drillhole data can be displayed as profiles or if 3-component data is available, vector displays both in section and as perspectives.

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Modelling Available

 

EM Vision can act as an interface to a powerful suite of forward and inversion modelling algorithms. The modelling programs have been sourced from a variety of research, educational and corporate institutions. In particular, 15 years of collaborative research by industry and the Australian government research agency CSIRO, have contributed the bulk of available modelling programs. A list of the available modelling algorithms and their capabilities is provided below

Forward modelling offers plate, sphere and layered earth (real and complex) model-types for nearly all field survey configurations. Inversion modelling is available for layered earth and single turn filament conductors. Three component EM borehole or surface modelling is supported.

Real time graphics displays of observed and computed responses (or apparent resistivities or conductivities) are presented during layered inversion modelling. If an inappropriate inversion model is selected, the inversion can be halted, the model revised and inversion re-initiated.

Examples of Model responses are provided in:

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Available Modelling Algorithms

 

The computed response for all the programs listed below is designed to match data in the units used by the various input instruments. This approach enables direct comparison between observed and modelled responses

PLASI - Forward modelling of a simple conductive plate in an air host. The plate is simulated as a single eigencurrent in air resulting in extremely fast operation. Real time interactive modelling is possible with this program. TDEM survey types which can be simulated are coincident, in-loop, fixed (Turam) mode, slingram and downhole (multi-component).

OZPLTE - Forward modelling of a simple conductive plate in an air host but using a definable number of eigencurrents. Plate simulation is slower than PLASI but produces much greater response accuracy. The program can also cache geometric computations to speed up repeat modelling. OZPLTE can operate on the same survey configurations as PLASI.

SPASYM - Forward modelling of a conductive sphere in a homogeneous conductive host. This program will operate for the in-loop and coincident survey configurations. Computation is fast and modifications to the physical properties of the conductive sphere or host can be easily achieved resulting in near real-time interactive operation.

LAYER - This algorithm is a forward modelling program which accommodates almost all surface EM survey configurations. LAYER can simulate up to 20 individual stratified layers with both real and complex (Cole-Cole) earth properties. Individual layer properties and resistivities can be simulated at various reading locations such that the modelled theoretical geology can be complex.

GRENDL - This program can operate either in a forward or inverse mode. GRENDL computes the voltage response on the surface of a horizontally layered half-space using a rectangular transmitter loop excited by a bi-polar square waveform. For the inversion case, the user can design a series of 'seed' models which are varied during processing to minmise errors using standard inversion techniques. Layer resistivity and thickness properties can be held fixed if required. GRENDL operates only for the in-loop and coincident field survey modes.

LEROI - This forward program computes the voltage response of two layers with a conductive plate embedded in the lowest, basement layer. EM coupling between the surface, basement and conductive plate are accurately computed. The program operates for most surface EM survey configurations and the layers can have both real and complex earth properties.

FILAMENT - This modelling algorithm provides both forward and inversion functionality with fixed loop (Turam) surface EM data or downhole surveys. The program simulates a single filament in air which can be either circular or rectangular in shape. Inversion can be undertaken over a series of different time decays iterating one at a time. Inversion using this program is fast and interactive and provides the user with good visual feedback of the source location, 'smoke-ring' effect and early-mid-late time response transition.

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